Single gene analysis
Single gene analysis: a set of diagnostic tests (see below) for a specific genetic condition associated with variants in a particular gene or genomic region
Indications:
- Patient with a known genetic disease associated with specific variants in a gene or genomic region
- A clinical diagnosis or suspicion is required
Different technologies depending on the disease-causing variant:
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Gene sequencing by various methods
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MLPA (multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification)
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Repeat expansion testing
Chromosomal microarray
Chromosomal microarray analysis: the gold standard for the detection of deletions and duplications across the genome
Indications:
- Pregnancies at high risk for aneuploidy
- Recurrent miscarriages
- Patient, foetus or stillbirth with multiple congenital anomalies
- Patient with a syndromic condition, developmental delay or intellectual impairment
Precision panels
Precision panels: a set of
diagnostic tests using next generation sequencing (NGS) of multiple genes associated with a condition or phenotype.
Indications:
- Patient with a genetically heterogeneous condition that can be associated with a particular list of genes
- Patient with a condition with a complex differential diagnosis
- Patient with a syndromic condition, developmental delay or intellectual impairment
WES (Whole Exome Sequencing)
The most comprehensive option – whole exome sequencing: analysis of the protein-coding regions of the genome (the exome)
Indications:
- Patient with a complex or non-specific phenotype that is not associated with a particular list of genes
*Trio analysis (biological father, biological mother and index patient) can improve the diagnostic yield by allowing the identification of de novo variants
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